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The fibers used in the textiles industry
as raw material could be broadly classified into:
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natural fibers, and,
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man made fibers.
The natural fibers could be grouped into
-
Vegetable cotton, jute, etc.
- Animal (Silk and Wool), and,
- Mineral (Gold, Silver Aluminum etc.)
Man-made fibers could be broadly categorized into:
-
Degenerated, and,
- Synthetic Fibers.
Among the degenerated fibers, there
protein fivers (cess in, alginate etc.) and cellulosic
fibers (viscose, poly nosic etc.) the category of the
synthetic man/made/fivers included polyester, polyamide and
acrylic etc.
Cotton is the most widely used textiles
fiber today. After the cotton crop is harvested the kapas
has to be ginned in order to separate fiber from the seeds.
After ginning, the cotton is available in a loose opened
form. For convenience of handling and transposition, cotton
is compressed and packed into bales. The quality of cotton
is judge in terms of its Grade and Staple. The grading of
cotton done with reference to impurities such as leaves,
sand, dust, broken, seeds naps, moles and colour of cotton.
But the fiver properties of cotton are judged mainly by the
length of the fiber i.e. the Staple length. Quality of
cotton depends on its physical properties viz. length,
fitness, strength and maturity by etc. |